Kev ntxuav cov selenium uas muaj cov khoom ntshiab siab (≥99.999%) muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov txheej txheem lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg los tshem tawm cov khoom tsis huv xws li Te, Pb, Fe, thiab As. Cov hauv qab no yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb thiab cov kev teeb tsa:
1. Kev Siv Tshuab Nqus Tsev
Cov Txheej Txheem:
1. Muab cov selenium nyoos (≥99.9%) tso rau hauv lub quartz crucible hauv lub tshuab cua sov uas muaj lub tshuab nqus tsev.
2. Ua kom sov txog 300-500°C hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev (1-100 Pa) rau 60-180 feeb.
3. Cov pa roj selenium sib sau ua ke hauv lub condenser ob theem (theem qis dua nrog cov khoom me me Pb/Cu, theem siab dua rau kev sau selenium).
4. Sau cov selenium los ntawm lub condenser sab saud; 碲 (Te) thiab lwm yam khoom tsis huv uas kub heev tseem nyob hauv theem qis dua.
Cov Kev Ntsuas:
- Kub: 300-500 ° C
- Siab: 1-100 Pa
- Cov khoom siv condenser: Quartz los yog stainless hlau.
2. Kev Siv Tshuaj Purification + Nqus Tsev Distillation
Cov Txheej Txheem:
1. Kev Sib Tsoo Oxidation: Ua kom cov selenium nyoos (99.9%) sib xyaw nrog O₂ ntawm 500°C los tsim cov pa roj SeO₂ thiab TeO₂.
2. Kev rho tawm cov kuab tshuaj: Yaj SeO₂ hauv cov kua ethanol-dej, lim tawm TeO₂ precipitate.
3. Kev Txo: Siv hydrazine (N₂H₄) los txo SeO₂ rau hauv cov selenium.
4. De-Te Sib Sib Zog: Oxidize selenium dua rau SeO₄²⁻, tom qab ntawd rho tawm Te siv cov kuab tshuaj rho tawm.
5. Kev Siv Lub Tshuab Nqus Tsev Kawg: Ua kom selenium ntshiab ntawm 300-500 ° C thiab 1-100 Pa kom ua tiav 6N (99.9999%) kev huv.
Cov Kev Ntsuas:
- Kub ntawm qhov oxidation: 500 ° C
- Hydrazine dosage: Ntau dhau kom ntseeg tau tias txo qis tag nrho.
3. Kev Ntxuav Hluav Taws Xob
Cov Txheej Txheem:
1. Siv cov electrolyte (piv txwv li, selenous acid) uas muaj qhov ceev tam sim no ntawm 5-10 A/dm².
2. Selenium tso rau ntawm cathode, thaum selenium oxides volatilize ntawm anode.
Cov Kev Ntsuas:
- Qhov ceev tam sim no: 5-10 A/dm²
- Electrolyte: Selenous acid los yog selenate kua.
4. Kev rho tawm cov kuab tshuaj
Cov Txheej Txheem:
1. Siv TBP (tributyl phosphate) los yog TOA (trioctylamine) rho Se⁴⁺ tawm ntawm cov kua hauv cov hydrochloric lossis sulfuric acid media.
2. Tshem tawm thiab ua kom selenium sai sai, tom qab ntawd rov ua dua.
Cov Kev Ntsuas:
- Cov tshuaj rho tawm: TBP (HCl nruab nrab) lossis TOA (H₂SO₄ nruab nrab)
- Tus naj npawb ntawm cov theem: 2-3.
5. Thaj Chaw Yaj
Cov Txheej Txheem:
1. Rov ua kom cov selenium ingots yaj tas li kom tshem tawm cov khoom tsis huv.
2. Haum rau kev ua tiav > 5N purity los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pib purity siab.
Lus Cim: Yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb thiab siv zog ntau.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Daim Duab
Yog xav saib cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv, saib cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no:
- Kev Teeb tsa Lub Tshuab Nqus Tsev Distillation: Daim duab qhia ntawm lub kaw lus condenser ob-theem.
- Daim Duab Qhia Txog Theem Se-Te: Piav qhia txog cov teeb meem sib cais vim yog cov ntsiab lus kub ze.
Cov ntaub ntawv siv los ua piv txwv
- Kev siv lub tshuab nqus tsev thiab cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg:
- Electrolytic thiab cov kuab tshuaj extraction:
- Cov txheej txheem siab heev thiab cov teeb meem:
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Peb Hlis-21-2025